National Data Systems (in alphabetical order)

Crash Outcome Data Evaluation System (CODES)
http://www-nrd.nhtsa.dot.gov/departments/nrd-30/ncsa/CODES.html
The Crash Outcome Data Evaluation System (CODES) evolved from a congressional mandate to report on the benefits of safety belts and motorcycle helmets in terms of medical and financial outcome. NHTSA initiated the development of the CODES program in 1992 and has funded almost two-thirds of the states to develop linkage capabilities.

CODES electronically tracks victims of motor vehicle crashes, from the scene through the health care system, to determine crash outcome in terms of mortality, injury, severity, and health care costs. The system also links crash data to licensure, registration, roadway, citation, and other traffic records to understand the association of, for example, problem drivers, vehicle and roadway characteristics, and/or different types of violations with crash outcome. One of the benefits of CODES is the generation of state-specific crash outcome information. CODES links data from traffic crash reports with various sources of injury data. By linking crash, vehicle, and behavior characteristics to their specific medical and financial outcomes, prevention factors can be identified to inform highway safety planning and decision-making. Essentially, information is needed about the people, vehicles, and environment involved before, during, and after the crash, in order to improve traffic safety.
The Center for Injury and Research Policy (CIRP) and ODPS, along with other partners, have begun a 21-month project funded by NHTSA, to develop a CODES for the State of Ohio. CIRP is linking crash record data with data from EMS and trauma, driver's license, hospital and emergency department, and vital statistics records.   

Fatality Analysis Reporting System ( FARS )
http://www-nrd.nhtsa.dot.gov/pdf/nrd-30/NCSA/FARS/809-726/index.htm
   
The Fatality Analysis Reporting System (FARS) contains data on a census of fatal traffic crashes within the 50 States, the District of Columbia, and Puerto Rico. To be included in FARS, a crash must involve a motor vehicle traveling on a traffic way customarily open to the public and result in the death of a person (occupant of a vehicle or a non-occupant) within 30 days of the crash.

FARS has been operational since 1975 and has collected information on over 989,451 motor vehicle fatalities and collects information on over 100 different coded data elements that characterize the crash, the vehicle, and the people involved.

This national census of motor vehicle fatalities is not available from any other source. FARS is the U.S. DOT's/National Highway Traffic Safety Administration's (NHTSA) primary database for highway safety analysis. It is also the source to other federal agencies, universities, the motor vehicle industry or other interest groups.
The following link from NTHSA and the National Center for Statistics and Analysis (NCSA) provides online information on fatalities per state and county from 1994 to the current year and allows queries as well as requests for more data: http://www-fars.nhtsa.dot.gov/main.cfm.

Model Minimum Uniform Crash Criteria (MMUCC)
http://www.mmucc.us/MIProgress.aspx
   
NHTSA analysts are conducting Model Minimum Uniform Crash Criteria (MMUCC) compliance evaluations of state crash report forms. The purpose of the evaluations is two-fold: to help states improve the utility of the crash data that they record by assessing how compliant state crash forms are with MMUCC Crash, Vehicle and Person data elements; and to identify potential improvements that could be made to the next edition of the MMUCC guideline.
State crash forms are given percentage grades derived from a combination of automated programs and manual comparisons of crash form and MMUCC element attributes. Valuation reports clearly indicate matches and non-matches, as well as recommend possible improvements in the state crash form. As of July 2005, analysts have completed four state crash form evaluations.
  
National Automotive Sampling System (NASS)
http://www-nrd.nhtsa.dot.gov/departments/nrd-30/ncsa/NASS.html   
The National Automotive Sampling System (NASS) was established in 1979 as part of a nationwide effort to reduce motor vehicle crashes, injuries, and deaths on our nation's highways.

NASS collects crash data in order to help government scientists and engineers analyze motor vehicle crashes and injuries. The system collects detailed information on a representative, random sample of hundreds of thousands of minor, serious and fatal crashes involving passenger cars, pickup trucks, vans, large trucks, motorcycles, and pedestrians.
NASS is composed of two systems - the Crashworthiness Data System (CDS) and the General Estimates System (GES). Both systems are based on cases selected from a sample of police crash reports in the country. These areas are counties and major cities that represent all areas of the United States. CDS data focus on passenger vehicle crashes and are used to investigate injury mechanisms to identify potential improvements in vehicle design. GES data focus on the bigger overall crash picture, and are used for problem size assessments and tracking trends. Both of the systems' data are used by NTHSA for a variety of purposes, such as assessing the overall state of highway safety, learning more about the nature of crash injuries and the resultant injuries, or evaluating alcohol and safety belt use programs.

National Emergency Medical Services Information System (NEMSIS)
http://www.nemsistac.org/   
The National Emergency Medical Services Information System (NEMSIS) is the national repository that will be used to potentially store EMS data from every state in the nation.

Since the 1970s, the need for EMS information systems and databases has been well established, and many statewide data systems have been created. However, these EMS systems vary in their ability to collect patient and systems data and allow analysis at a local, state, and national level.
For this reason, the National Association of State EMS Directors is working with its federal partners at NHTSA and the Trauma/EMS Systems program of the Health Resources and Services Administration's (HRSA) Maternal Child Health Bureau to develop a national EMS database. Such a database would be useful in developing nationwide EMS training curricula, evaluating patient and EMS system outcomes, facilitating research efforts, determining national fee schedules and reimbursement rates, addressing resources for disaster and domestic preparedness, and providing valuable information on other areas of need related to EMS care.